Critical Criminology

CHAPTER 1 CRIME THEORY: CRITICAL CRIMINOLOGY There could be different reasons of increasing crimes. One of the obvious reasons is poverty and social injustice. Most of the people engaged in crime either don’t have proper source of income or they are socially discriminated. So the main reason of crime is poverty and social injustice. Most of the places with high poverty and social injustice have high crime rate (Jerry, 1995). The most important policy implications that would be most successful in reducing crime and/or rehabilitating convicted offenders in long term are critical criminology theories. In critical criminology crimes are defined in terms of domination. That is if some class or group is dominant than they can make social concept lawful and unlawful. Lower class, single parent women, poor people and minorities mainly suffer due to domination factor by others (Hopkin, 2001). 1. 1 Broad Problem Area: â€Å"Importance of Critical Criminology in Reducing Crimes† Justice system around the world is not strong enough to reduce crimes. So we need alternative approach through which criminals can become useful and productive member of the society. It’s not easy to completely change justice system but it’s not difficult to make criminals better citizens as well. Critical criminology is an effective way to reduce social injustice and crimes. Concept of critical criminology came in late sixties and early seventies. It mainly deals with the dominative and differential relation between different groups on the basis of demographic factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, minorities, cultures, values and social groups. This culture and social diversity was created due to migrations and human nature. Social indifferences are another form of injustice. It’s important to support these peoples who are being discriminated (Bauman and Tester, 2001). According to Wikipedia Encyclopedia, in critical criminology the scope of crimes is defined differently on the basis of social circumstances and time period of their occurrence. Critical criminology is somewhat different from basic study of criminology that deals with criminals and their behaviors. The basic idea of critical criminology is that the social and past trends would define whether some thing is unlawful or not at given time. There could be different things that are considered to be unlawful in past but now they are lawful and same goes with those things which are lawful in past but now they are unlawful. Such as marriage of homosexuals was considered to be unlawful in past but now with the passage of time societies are accepting this and making laws to protect marriages of homosexuals. This is not possible that all the studies on crimes are dealing with modern social life but they are some way connected to the present (Garland, 1999). There could be different theories that could emerges from critical criminology such as conflict theories, feminist theories, & postmodern and peacemaking theories. A conflict theory of criminology is not accepted largely by criminologist because they think conflict theories don’t address the criminal activities in socialist and capitalist societies. Feminist theories define that crime done by males and crimes done by females should be viewed differently. They give new aspect to criminology on the basis of gender. Critical criminologists have different views and way of resolving crimes. These two theories are mainly recognized around the world. Main emphasis is given to relation between criminals and societies. Even feminist criminologists don’t properly represent gender prospective and take back their views after failure of other criminologists (Van, 1997). There is a difference between critical criminology and conventional criminology. Conventional criminology is not dealing with activities which are affecting life of thousands of people such as politicians’ decisions that could affect millions of people, corporate scandals that affected thousands of workers, stock market manipulations that affected thousand of investors and also discriminations of minorities that have no end. Conventional laws do not answer these structural disparities that helps dominate group to take advantage of it. Conventional criminology is dealing with state defined crimes but not the crimes that are harming society ocially (Stephen, 1983). Criminologists working to find ways to resolve or to reduce crimes are not able to identify or not able to provide any authentic procedures to resolve crimes (Braithwaite, 1998). And also they didn’t even give importance to issues or difference created due to power and state (Cunneen and White 1996). This is still a claim that critical craniologist are more inclined towards gaining some pos ition and recognition rather than actually doing some thing for society to protect human rights and to promote justice in society. Since 1960, activists in human rights and social justice are molding progress in critical criminology theory. There is a relation between criminologists and social & human right moments (Braithwaite, 1989). Critical criminologist overstates the crime problem in society. Instead of removing the mystery that crimes are not their and its media created etc. they should accept crimes as a dilemma of powerless. They must not criticize criminal system by keeping this fact in mind that it is created by undue protection given to the privileged class. There is a cause effect relationship between crimes and poverty, racism, discrimination, social injustice, racisms etc. Critical criminoloiges must keep this in mind while evaluating crimes. However, critical criminology and traditional criminology should not work in different ways rather they should work together in the same way. (Cohen, 1998). 1. 2 Problem Statement: â€Å"Is Critical thinking is helpful to reduce crimes and able to reduce social injustice from society†. 1. 3 Purpose & Significance of Study The main purpose of this study is to identify the importance of critical criminology in order to reduce crimes. This study will also identify other ways to reduce crimes and their effectiveness. And it will also explain what factors are responsible for crimes. This study will help policy makers and law enforcing agencies to avoid crimes by using proper critical criminology theories. 1. 4 Research Questions The aim of this research is to study, 1) How do people perceive that critical criminology can reduce crimes? 2) How do people perceive the role of critical criminology in order to reduce injustice from society? ) How do people perceive that critical criminology approach is better way to reduce crime rather than conventional criminology approach? 1. 5 Theoretical Diagram In this diagram crimes reduction is dependent variable which depend on critical criminology that is independent variable. Critical Criminology method that properly identify social injustices that could change offend er future behavior towards crime and society support to accept these people as a useful member of society are intervening variable. These variables can assure the effectiveness of counseling treatment to reduce crimes. Independent Variable Dependent Variable Intervening Variable CHAPTER 2 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the basic methodology and requirement in research. It includes the methods of research, the respondents and their description, sources of data, the sets of research instruments that were used, the treatment of data, and the statistical tools, which were used in this study. 2. 1 Method of the Study: The research utilized the descriptive method in acquiring information for evaluation and analysis. The descriptive survey was the general rocedure employed in a study that has for its chief purposes the description of the phenomena that is importance of critical criminology theory in reducing crimes from society by providing social injustice. 2. 2 Sample, Type of Questionnaire, & Treatment of Data: The population for this research study was the general public. A random sample of 50 was taken from different places and different groups such as law enforcing agencies, c ommunity, criminologist etc. Researcher selected probability sampling, because every person had an equal chance of being selected. The survey questionnaire seeks the perception of the respondents with respect to factors important for crime reduction. In order to analyze the information given in the questionnaires, Likert scale had been applied in question 1 to question 9. The purpose is to evaluate effectiveness of counseling in crime reduction. 2. 3 Validation of the questionnaire: It was deemed necessary to revalidate the questionnaire to find out the clarity of the questions being asked as well as their relevance to the problems formulated. The validation of the questionnaire was done through the comments and suggestion by respondent. And also validation and reliability of research instrument used to get information that is questionnaire is done by implementing it to different places and same results were extracted from every place. 2. 4 Statistical Tools: Researcher used frequency and percentage distribution to determine the relationships of the variables and give clear and reliable analysis and interpretation of the data. The formula is; % = F/N ? 100 % = percentage F = frequency N = number of respondent CHAPTER 3 QUESTIONNAIRE ANALYSIS, FINDINGS & CONCLUSION 3. 1 Questionnaire Analysis: Respondent responded in the following way: Topic Based on Questionnaire |Highly Disagree | Disagree | Moderately | |Highly Agree | | | | | |Agree | | |Critical criminology is providing support to poor, minority |11% |18% |25% |42% |4% | |and low social class group | | | | | | |Critical criminology theory is important to reduce social |0% |0% |14% |57% |29% | |differences | | | | | | |Main reason of increasing crime rate is soci al injustice |3% |10% |21% |40% |26% | |Critical criminology is playing important role in order to |11% |28% |31% |26% |4% | |highlight social injustices | | | | | | |Critical criminology is different from conventional |29% |36% |19% |10% |6% | |criminology | | | | | | |There is a difference of opinion among critical criminologist |18% |24% |21% |30% |7% | |Critical criminologists are criticizing conventional justice |17% |19% |23% |35% |6% | |system that it supports to powerful class | | | | | | Social movement regarding human rights and social justice is |0% |0% |9% |55% |36% | |supporting critical criminologist | | | | | | |Critical criminologists are working for their recognition |26% |37% |21% |10% |6% | |rather than to support social injustice | | | | | | 3. 2 Findings & Conclusion: On the basis of the questionnaire, most of the respondent responded that critical criminology is providing support to poor, minority and low social class group and critical criminology theory is i mportant to reduce social differences †¢ On the basis of the questionnaire, most of the respondent agreed on a statement that main reason of increasing crime rate is social injustice and critical criminology is playing important role in order to highlight social injustices †¢ On the basis of the questionnaire, most of the respondent responded moderately agreed on a statement that critical criminology is different from conventional criminology and there is a difference of opinion among critical criminologist †¢ On the basis of the questionnaire, most of the respondent responded that critical criminologists are criticizing conventional justice system that it supports to powerful class and social movement regarding human rights and social justice is supporting critical criminologist. In these days societies are giving more focus to crime, victimization, regulation, punishment, with respect to human rights, equity, social justice, well being of the community, and globaliz ation. More activists are taking interest in decreasing discrimination and imbalances in societies. They are trying to gather more people to take action for the betterment of society and this will affect both antiestablishment and establishment criminologies. If model of Mutualism develops with the same pace than critical criminologists have to revise their studies and ways to resolve crimes. They have to establish the relation between antiestablishment and establishment criminologies not for individual but for the society. Now societies are moving from equal rights and equal justice to human rights and social justice due to social movement to protect rights. References: Bauman, Z. , & Tester, K. (2001). Conversations with Zygmunt Bauman. Cambridge: Polity Press. Braithwaite, J. 1989. Crime, Shame and Reintegration. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. Braithwaite, J. 1998. Reducing the Crime Problem: A Not So Dismal Criminology. The New Criminology Revisited, London: Macmillan. Chan, J. 1996. Crime Prevention and the Lure of Relevance. Australian and New Zealand. Journal of Criminology, 27(1): 25-9. Cunneen, C. , and White, R. 1996. Juvenile Justice: An Australian Perspective. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press Garland, D. (1999). The Commonplace and the Catastrophic. Theoretical Criminology, 3(3), pp. 353-64. Hopkins, B. R. (2001). An Introduction to Criminological Theory. Cullompton: Willan pg. 173 Jerry, B. (1995). Crime Control: We the People. Radio broadcasts. North Coast XPress. Stephen, B. 1983. Power & Crime. Van, S. R. (1997). Critical Criminology: Visions from Europe. London: Sage Wikipedia Encyclopedia. Critical Criminology. 2008. Retrieved on 12 July 2008 from http:// en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Critical_criminology QUESTIONNAIRE: RESEARCH PAPER CRIME THEORY: CRITICAL CRIMINOLOGY Direction: Please indicate the degree of importance as perceived by you, by putting a tick mark opposite to each of the number item showing the degree of perception. Scale |Weights | |Highly Disagree |1 | |Disagree |2 | |Moderately |3 | |Agree |4 | |Highly Agree |5 | 1) At what extent do you think critical criminology is providing support to poor, minority and low social class group? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 2) At what extent do you think critical criminology theory is important to reduce so cial differences? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 3) At what extent do you think main reason of increasing crime rate is social injustice? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 4) At what extent do you think critical criminology is playing important role in order to highlight social injustices? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 5) At what extent do you think critical criminology is different from conventional criminology? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 6) At what extent do you think there is a difference of opinion among critical criminologist? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 7) At what extent do you think critical criminologists are criticizing conventional justice system that it supports to powerful class? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 ) At what extent do you think social movement regarding human rights and social justice is supporting critical criminologist? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 9) At what extent do you think critical criminologists are working for their recognition rather than to support social injustice? Highly Disagree Highly Agree 1 2 3 4 5 ———————– Critical Criminology CRIMES REDUCTION Feminist Theory Conflict Theory Postmodern & Peacemaking Theories

Severe Weather Storms: Hurricanes and Tornadoes

A hurricane is an extremely violent tropical cyclone. The origin of the term Hurricane originates from a Mayan Storm god by the name of Hurakan. He was a Central American idol who believably caused the storms. Years later, the hypothesis of someone creating angry storms has been corrected. It is known that these storms are an act of nature by God’s laws at work. The term hurricane just stuck with the weather condition. Another source states that the origin of the term was derived from a Carib term that means ‘God of Evil. The term is a Spanish word; huracn. The creation of a Hurricane begins as the heat rays from the sun hit the waters of the ocean. This causes evaporation. When it evaporates, the weather is still warm due to the temper of the heat rays. As the saying goes, â€Å"heat rises’, well, so does the moisture/evaporated water from the ocean until it’s cooled down by air pressure. Depending on the next phase of whether or not the cloud continues t o grow or becomes heavily filled with moisture determines the chances of heavy rain, thunderstorms, or a tropical disaster. A tropical disaster is a thunderstorm with cyclonic circulation, which carries winds less than 20 knots’ at least 30mph wind speed. If the situation escalades towards the descriptions of a Hurricane, the NGC (National Hurricane Center) based in Miami, FL triggers its movements and watches. The seasons of watch are primarily summer and fall; due to the heated temperatures. Though these seasons are not the only times of watch, it is monitored year round. If the clouds continued to grow without any form of disturbance, or breaking up within the clouds, it is considered a tropical depression. In a tropical depression, the clouds still move over the ocean which it picks up more moisture and speed of the wind which creates a larger problem called a tropical storm. The winds are tracked at least at 39 mph. The tropical storm is officially considered a hurricane once the speed of the wind increases to 75 mph. The presenting conditions needed for a hurricane is temperature, pressure, volume, and density. If you are to combine these variables into the troposphere at the warm to high levels, you’ll have the storm. But depending on the amounts, one may be more severe or less severe than the other. Step by step, in order for a Hurricane to exist, it needs to have more than an 80 °F temperature in the ocean. This not only gives the hurricane energy, but, it makes the air much more humid due to the evaporated water. While this occurs in the air, the wind is already coming together from different directions forcing the warm air in an upward direction for cooling. These winds begin to spread outward allowing more air to be compacted. The air that has risen creates the storm clouds while the winds from the opposite direction are coming against it counterclockwise rotation, and expand the size of the clouds, which now are creating the storm. Before we consider a Hurricane to be a hurricane it goes through a series of phases of growing and maturing. We see a slight chance of a hurricane in a tropical disturbance, which is monitored. The tropical disturbance is only a thunderstorm that has a very mild cyclonic circulation. If the wind speeds during the disturbance, it increases between 23 and 39 mph. It is then classified as a tropical depression. This is considered phase 2. Phase 3 of the storm is another increasing increment of wind speeds between 40 and 73 mph, classifying the storm as a tropical storm. This is the last phase before the storm is considered a full, Hurricane with wind speeds greater than 74 miles per hour. The next procedure in this is the calculations of the hurricanes strength. The wind speed is a determining factor of the hurricane’s strength. It is based between category 1 and category 5. To determine where to place the Hurricane, we also need to know the flooding and slope of the storm. Category 1 is still intense, but it is less intense compared to category 5. Category 1’s wind speed is between 74 and 95 mph, and the storms surge (large wave of water) is 4 to 5 feet above normal. In this category, it typically is known to damage trees and mobile homes that are not mounted or tied down, and do cause some coastal flooding. Category 2 has 96 to 110 mph wind speed, surges of 6 to 8 feet, with damaging abilities of the roof, doors, windows, trees, and plants. It is also capable of damaging docks. Category 3 is 110 to 130 mph wind speed and surges of 9 to 12 feet; causing trees of various sizes to be blown down, flooding near shoreline, and also inland structural damage. Mobile homes are also destroyed in this category. In category 4, it has a winds speed of 139 to 155 mph, surge is of 13 to 18 feet, causing inland flooding of terrain, extreme doors and window damages, and extravagant damage of basements and lower level flooding near the shore. Category 5 is of wind speeds of more than 155 mph with a surge that is greater than 18 feet. This category is the strongest. Its flooding causes the lower levels of shoreline buildings to be severely damaged. The roofs during this category are completely not effective, and some major building failures occur. At this point evacuation is beyond necessary to do. The eye of the hurricane through all categories is the strongest part of the hurricane that causes the most damage. The media shows cone shaped track paths for hurricanes for the convenience of the people. It’s used to convince the people in the surrounding areas not to focus so much on the line, but more on the path of the eye. Hurricanes obtain their name alphabetically from the world meteorological organization. The first hurricane of the year starts with the letter A and continues on down the alphabet. The alternation of male and female names is available in the list of 21 names available for the year. Men names become in effect in 1978 because woman names were not so popular in naming deadly storms after them. There are not any names for Q, U, X, Y, and Z. If a storm is overly extreme in damages, then that name is retired and replaced with a new name, but different letter. A hurricane is similar to both a cyclone and Typhoon. The characteristics are similar, but a hurricane is stronger. A typhoon is a violent tropical cyclone that originates from the west Pacific where as the hurricanes are buy originate elsewhere. The cyclone has a low pressure and strong winds in rotation, while the hurricane is vise versa To prepare for a hurricane, you should create a checklist. On this checklist, make sure you have gathered important medical documentation, Social Security cards, birth certificates, GED/Diplomas, titles, deeds to property. Make sure you also take photos of special memories. Record a video or take photos of your property and carry that with you because this documentation will be needed for future insurance claims for damages. Designate a family member you will go to for refuge or hotel if need be. Carry extra clothing in case a shelter is where you’ll need to be residing at. Have battery stocked for the electric, because it may be out of days at a time. If you are staying on property go to the opposite side of house the storm is not doing much damage. Apply plywood if you know how to or if you can afford to have is installed prior to the hurricane season. Last but not least, if you have not yet evacuated before the storm truly does hit, stay inside. The aftermath effects of hurricanes on people in other states occur when hurricane victims begin to migrate to another state, causing economical effects; it also causes social effects and environmental effects. These are all broad effects that can go on and on in detail because if they are forced to leave where they were located and into an area with very little to no resources but now having to rely on the government. For the government, this means more money is needed by the government to support and provide for them. Which cutting out some of what the locals have would have to soon be in effect. The term tornado originated from a Spanish term ‘tronada’. It was altered into tornado around the 1620s. It was taken from a Latin term ‘tonare’, which means thunder. Tronada meant thunderstorm. A tornado is a strong wind that goes in circular motion creating a funnel shaped cloud which typically destroys everything in its path. Tornadoes are formed when sufficient instability and wind shear are both present on the lower level of the atmosphere. With the combination of the unusual instability a wind shear are combined in the atmosphere of increasingly strong winds. Between the Fujita scale and the Parson’s scale, they are both used for measuring a tornado. The Fajita scale is much more commonly used. It is more used for the intensity of a tornado while the Parson’s scale is based on the space that the tornado effects. Although in each classification of the Fajita scale things are damaged, the only difference in each classification is an approximate increase of wind speed in between 30 and 50 mph. The intensity of most tornados tends to stick between Gale and moderate which on the F-scale that is F0-F1 with wind speeds ranging between 40 – 112 mph. If ever it does get stronger, then typically, it reaches between significant and severs levels which are F2 and F3 with wind speeds ranging between 113 – 206 mph. Tornado season typically range from later April to mid August, with highs. Tornadoes generally hit the central part of the United States, such as Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, and Minnesota. Tornado season is typically in spring, summer, and part of the colder months going into winter season. A majority of the time they go the same counterclockwise direction, and without a doubt, they can and will go any other direction, but it is based on the location. Although tornados are very dangerous, a state that has the largest amount of tornadoes does not mean that it has the most injuries and deaths. Research showed from a study in 1993 of 1167 recorded tornadoes that only 16 were reported deaths. As ime goes on the 16 steadily decrease, because once reported by the National weather services of Tornado watches and warning that you have enough time to find shelter even if the tornado is actively growing above you. Another form of a tornado is called a waterspout. This is a mild tornado that occurs over water such as oceans and great lakes that carry heavy rain and thunderstorm that can still cause offshore and inland damage and injuries. Warning signs that a tornado may be appro aching is the color of the clouds, and climate outside. Rubbish or any other dirty particles flying strong outside. Another way to know if a Tornado is approaching is by the sounds of heavy water fall or strong winds. Lastly, which should be the most obvious is the funnel cloud beginning and collecting surrounding clouds. To prepare before a storm, devise a plan of shelter, if in certain situations. Do frequent drills (monthly is fine), know your city and keep a map to continue to follow the storm. Stock on batteries, invest in a NOAA weather radio with warning sounds, keep posted with the news reporting, and check with your counties emergency management center to help answer any other unanswered questions in regards to your safety during this storm. A safety procedure to follow during a tornado is mainly to find shelter. If you do not have a basement, dungeons, or any other underground shelter to seek refuge in, seek for shelter in an interior room or hall with lower floors, and position yourself under sturdy furniture. You must stay away from windows, doors, and automobiles. Don’t try to run from it in a vehicle. If you happen to be outside find a ditch and lay flat. If you are in a mobile home, it is strongly suggested that you evacuate from it. If you have any other concerns, you should contact weather emergency hotlines for your local area. A few major economic effects left after a tornado is loss of loved ones, and/or injuries not only to other, but yourself if you are there. Business slows down due to turmoil of what to do next. Government costs to repair and rebuild along with the cost to have emergency services and shelters in motion helping By creating a miniature tornado model, you slightly feel the forces against the container and watch the funnel and circular motion of the tornado. Though it is not like a real tornado, it gives an illusion of what is could possibly look like.

Looking for Alibrandi Essay

â€Å"I’ll run one day. Run for my life. To be free and think for myself. Not as an Australian and as an Italian and not as an inbetween. I’ll run to be emancipated.† The novel ‘Looking for Alibrandi’ explores the senior years of Josephine â€Å"Josie† Alibrandi with her struggle in forming her identity, falling in love with Jacob Coote and the unexpected arrival of her father Michael Andretti. Through each of these important ideas the character of Josie, Jacob and Michael, grow to understand and achieve their emancipation. Being faced with hardships in life in life result in understanding of identity and knowledge. The character of Josie in the novel ‘Looking for Alibrandi is exposed to the secret of Nonna Katia’s secret affair. â€Å"Our lives, just like our names are lies.† Through the use of first person narration we are open to the frustration and confusion Josie is contemplating. â€Å"I’ve figured out that is doesn’t matter whether Im Josephine Andretti, who was as Alibrandi, who should have been a Stanford, who may never be a Coote.† This dialogue displays the maturity and understanding Josie receives in her identity and understanding of her emancipation. Through this momentous challenge the character now realises their freedom. Furthermore, Josie immaturity lead her to believe that one day she would be emancipated. â€Å"I’ll run one day. Run for my life. To be free and think for myself. Not as an Australian and as an Italian and not as an inbetween. I’ll run to be emancipated.† This dialogue displays the childlike behaviour Josie has lost on the outlook of her life. Through the novel, her self-knowledge grew as she stated, â€Å"My emancipation didn’t happen like I’d expected it to.† Through this first person narration the understanding of being a mature adult was shown towards Josie. Overcoming challenges allows the self-growth of an individual. When a character is faces with a hardship, the way in which they deal with it allows them to grow in themselves. Jacob Coote shared a romantic relationship with Josie which opened his out look on life. â€Å"I have never had to go out with an ethnic girl before.† Through this dialogue the audience is confronted with the different cultures and views Jacob believes compared to Josie. â€Å"I want all the things in life that John Barton wanted but he was too  scared to step out of his circle. But I cant do that with you.† The use of this dialogue clearly makes evident the maturity Jacob has gone through in undertaking his relationship with Josie. A characters self-knowledge is pushed to the limits through challenges. The confrontation of events allows growth through self-worth and family. Josie’s father, Michael Andretti revealed himself unexpectedly with no idea that he had a daughter. Through anger and confusion, both Josie and Michael are faced with hardships. â€Å"How dare you think that I want to be in your life!† The use of dialogue supports the frustration and hurt the character Josie is experiencing. Throughout the novel, the relationship between Michael and grows to a completely opposing, supporting and caring one. â€Å"I’d be so proud to be an Andretti†¦Dad.† Through this dialogue, it supports Michael and Josie’s discovering of their identity and outlook on life. Freedom is depicted from many struggles resulting in self discovery and self-worth. From your emancipation, to hidden family secrets, to an understanding of love, to discovering your father, all of these important undertakings result in self-knowledge and identity. Josephine Alibrandi, Jacob Coote and Michael Andretti are all characters of â€Å"Looking for Alibrandi† by Melina Marchetta who were not afraid to confront challenges within their lives.

Dells Supply Chain Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Dells Supply Chain Management - Case Study Example It also highlights the key issues or limitations of existing SCM process followed by Dell and recommends specific measures to prevent or overcome those limitations. Dell Inc ('Company') is a multinational technology company that offers a broad range of product categories, including computer desktop systems, servers and networking products, mobility products, software and peripherals and enhanced services. The Company has often been cited as one of the premier innovators in supply chain design and execution. Its demand-driven, outsourced operational model enabled it to achieve market domination, which then allowed it to dictate costs and standards to suppliers. This report is based on analysis of information available on the Company's website and publicly published reports. Supply chain management (SCM) is a comprehensive activity including management of the flow of materials, information, and funds across the entire supply chain, from suppliers to component producers to final assemblers to distributors, and ultimately to the consumer; including after-sales service and sales returns Johnson.(M. Eric & Pyke F. David 1999). In a global environment, firms have to deal with multiple suppliers and customers and are required to manage inventories in new and innovative ways. Various industrial researchers have stressed the importance of viewing SCM as an integrated system. With different methodologies of SCM implemented by various businesses in the same sector, it is more of a competition amongst the various methods of managing the supply chain for businesses, even those belonging to the same sector. SCM has generated much interest in recent years for a number of reasons. It has become crucial for businesses across sectors to realize that weak performance of one member of value chain could ultimately influence the profitability of the entire business. In this highly competitive business environment, cost of poor coordination between suppliers and customers can be extremely high. Especially in sectors characterized by fluctuating demand, a weak SCM can result in inefficient use of production, high transportation costs and high inventory costs. This cost increases as we move up the supply chain from consumer to distributor to producer, a phenomenon known as a 'Bullwhip Effect' (Johnson .M. Eric & Pyke F. David 1999). Similarly, an efficient SCM which is well integrated across the value chain of the business can provide a significant competitive advantage. On a broad level, supply chain management can be based on one of the two approaches; 'push approach' or 'pull approach'. The push system takes full benefit from economies of scale in production and input acquisition by producing optimal output size and then distributing to wholesalers and retailers (Papadakis 2002). On the other hand, pull approach is known for its adaptive efficiency and is applied by sectors where demand is highly volatile and technology is depreciated fast. According to the pull system, a value adding transformation takes place only after someone demands it, in a Just in Time (JIT) fashion, thereby inventory risk is minimized (Papadakis 2002). Dell has applied the pull system of supply chain mana

What is Black Dance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

What is Black Dance - Essay Example The word ‘dance’ has not generated any controversy, historically and culturally. Everyone likes this word. Turn the page of history of the Blacks, in America; it is daubed in bloodshed and discrimination. It is mysterious and demands protection. Psychologically it seeks emancipation from external and internal emotional stress. It creates a barrier and has latent vulnerabilities. It is hungry for authority, independence and power that have been denied to it since centuries. Even today, African-American artistic community has not come to terms with the definition of Black Dance. Taking into consideration the ground realities, the respectability of Black Dance is little short of cultural apartheid and it smacks of cultural imperialism. It still reflects the stereotyped idea as to what is expected of a black artist or a choreographer. The mind of the viewer of the Black Dance is pre-set to a program, as to what is to be expected and what is not to be expected. The task of finding a final and appropriate definition of Black Dance is only possible for the enlightened group of individuals from the choreographers, dancers and other categories of artists and those with love for the art and critics free from the political and historical bias. Politicians, sociologists and historians should stand clear of this delicate task. Those with a fixed attitude of the mind, and whose mind is flooded with reports of incidents of atrocities against the blacks by the white community will not be able to arrive at a fair assessment as for the merits of the definition of Black Dance. The historical wounds would perhaps never heal even when the Constitution of America guarantees freedom and equal rights for all. But the grim reminders of slavery that begin in the year 1884 and the series of inhuman atrocities committed against them over the decades is impossible to erase from the mind of a student of history of blacks. Keep aside the emotional aspect of the Black Dance for a while and come to its realities and categories as an art form. Hip-hop is a kind of black dance, but it is not the exclusive domain of the black artists. Black Dance generally concentrates in lower positions like going to the ground and other parallel movements, unlike Ballet, where the artists are ever eager to leap into air and mostly work on toe s. But black dances are powerful and exciting; they jump all the time to the rhythm of the drums. They swing their arms and heads, and seem to engage the challenges of life. Black Dance performances do not relate to the suffering and submissive aspect of the black people. Some dances also represent the fierce convictions of those who never barter the freedom of their souls and do not submit to the highhanded attitudes of the whites. They take a challenging stand against the vicissitudes of the community. Their rhythmic movements, to the accompaniment of sound and the musical instruments indicate their inner joy, in trying to pierce the wall of frustration to seek the sunlight of hope. Pearl Primus argues â€Å"Dance is only a part of the whole or the complex living† African dance represents their life, their souls, and their beliefs. Also, â€Å"African dance ranges from the subtlest and most lyric of movements to the most dynamic, from the most sophisticated choreographed p resentations to the simplest.† ( p, 3-11)Black Dance is not restricted to the stage performances in the American cities; it has a profound history, which is

Time management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Time management - Assignment Example Another skill that I have acquired is the importance of team work especially when dealing with sociological challenges that have an implication on the economic performance of any country. This is evident on the initiative to involve various individuals including counselors, mentors, law enforcement officers, and clinical officers. Through the collaboration of the various professionals with diversified skills and experience, the problems faced by juvenile adolescent males will be significantly mitigated. Proper time management Proper time management and scheduling of activities is a major skill that I have gained though the program proposal. I have understood that for the success of any program, it is imperative to allocate adequate time to ensure each and every activity is effectively undertaken. In this program, the major activities included training on time management, counseling, training on the entrepreneurial skills, communication skills and group mentoring. To ensure that the p articipants will have adequate time to learn the various skills as outlined on the time table, I have indicated the time and the occurrence of the activities. In the same way, I have acquired skills on how to prepare a work plan that involves the date of the commencement of the activities as well as the deadline and the occurrence of the activities. This is a very crucial skill that I will put into practice during my future careers as a project manager. The importance of program evaluation In the process of preparing the program proposal, my skills of program evaluation have been enhanced. Most importantly, I have gained an extensive knowledge on how to implement logic model during evaluating my future program as an administrator (McLaughlin and Jordan, 1999). In addition, I have understood on how to put in place the appropriate inputs during evaluation in order to attain the preset program objectives. Effective allocation of resources, staff support and recruitment In the contempor ary business world, stiff competition has been experienced as firms compete for the available resources to maximize their outputs. Through this program proposal, I have gained an appropriate knowledge on how to allocate the available resources to ensure that goals of a program are achieved. In addition, during the preparation of the line item budget, I was exposed to various expenses that a program should cover in order to retain a motivated work force. These expenses include salaries, Medicaid, health insurance, professional dues, training as well as travelling and car allowances. By covering these expenses, employee’s productivity is improved and the continuity of the program is enhanced. Similarly, I have gained skills on how to undertake employee’s recruitment process to ensure that the activities of the program are on the hands of experienced and well educated personnel. Searching for sources of funds In my efforts to prepare the program proposal, I have gained sk ills on how to search for appropriate sources of funds that will provide adequate financial assistance during the implementation of programs especially those dealing with juvenile delinquency and youth education. It is worth to note that various state, local and federal agencies have put in place various eligibility criteria that beneficiaries must adopt in order

Group Geospatial Revolution Videos Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Group Geospatial Revolution Videos - Assignment Example Alternatively, geographical or geospatial information systems describes the different technologies, methods and processes used to enhance effectiveness and efficiency in organizations. From the foregone discussion, it is evident that organizations strive at increasing efficiency and effectiveness in their operations. This same motivation has motivated Portland City to create some technologies, methods and processes that can be used to enhance their service operation. This has been motivated by the fact that GIS systems area cost effectiveness; additionally, they improve different functions in the city, something that increases the city’s potential to attract investors. The city has employed various professionals that have been doing their best in order to ensure that the city improves its practices. The incorporation of GIS in the city’s operations has increased job opportunities for many people that have continued to enjoy the improved services in the city. For this reason, the city needs to create goals and objectives that can be helpful in the achievement of the mission and vision statements in the city. However, the goals and objectives for the city’s GIS can only be derived from its mission and vision statements. It is important to note that a vision statement refers to the future picture or impression that an organizations develops for its for its practices. In this case, the vision statement for Portland City provides the picture of the city in its future as far as GIS systems are concerned and looks as follows; â€Å"To have a city that has effective and efficient services so that city residents and other investors can enjoy the lucrative investment opportunities. The city is thus positioned to become the centre for innovations and inventions that enhance people’s social and economic functions and processes.† The mission statement

Conversation and Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Conversation and Community - Essay Example A topic may initiate a hot debate in vehicle, but one may realize that not all the passengers contribute majorly to it. This scenario bring up a question that, ‘what might be making them feel out of place?’. A person may feel excluded from the conversation because some reasons one of them being the person’s topic interests. Different people have different likes and dislike when it comes to topics. People who like politics, for example, enjoy reading local newspaper editorials and political journals so as to gain procedural knowledge on the subject. This helps them to argue with facts and with much passion on the topic. Level of know how may be another cause of exclusion from a conversation. In many instances, an undergraduate may not easily break in a conversation among professors discussing a topic in their academic field. This may be due to his/her conceptual knowledge and may feel that he will have nothing to contribute. Again the issue of procedural knowledge between the two may not rhyme and as a result, one will feel excluded. Other possible causes of exclusions from conversations may be the age factor, moods, environment, and time amongst others. As Burke (1973) argues in his book, when one wants to break into a conversation, he/she will have to wait for some time as well as paying attention to where he/she can start coming through. Addressing the general audience about the issue, I would emphasize much on various background information they need to set things right. Time and patience are the major issues. Before contributing in a conversation, one should take time and observe where to interrupt. Again, simple language to explain every detail in the subject will help different people grasp what’s going on in the conversation. Yes I have. I was recently almost being unable to catch the drift an in-progress conversation amongst my classmates. Though the topic was interesting, I had

Select a Public Service or Service Industry. Produce a report on Assignment

Select a Public Service or Service Industry. Produce a report on changes in that sector over a period of time' - Assignment Example One general way to view the changes in the public education sector of England is to view recent historical figures for spending in the sector, which, while having been on an uptick since the 1950's, is set to reverse course in the medium term, meaning that for the first time in decades spending in public education in England is expected to grow at a slower pace compared to historical averages (Chowdry and Sibieta, 2011): Graph Source: Chowdry and Sibieta, 2011, p. 3 In the plot above, one can see that relative to base figures for the 1955-1956 period, spending for public education in England has grown through time, while it seems to have plateaued somewhat in terms of the share of education in the country income. In both plots what is evident is that spending is expected to decrease moving forward, raising concerns about the impact of the declines on educational outcomes for students in England's educational system. This is one perspective among many, and have political and environme ntal contexts owing to the fact that the changes in spending have roots in the political and environmental processes in the medium term. The rest of the paper examines these and other changes in the education sector in England through time (Chowdry and Sibieta, 2011; Kwon, 2002; University of London & History of Parliament Trust, 2013; Gillard, 2011). II.Discussion A. The View of Changes from the Earliest Levels of the Public Education System One set of changes through time can be tied to technological developments relating to the understanding of what England needs moving forward and what educators have learned with regard to the need for structure in early education in order to meet England's standards for literacy as well as for numerical competence among the members of the population. The changes tied to this have to do with restructuring the nature of early childhood education, away from traditional structures that allowed for more freedom and less structure in the way young st udents were molded, to introduce more rigor and a greater focus on specific subject areas to prepare children to face the rigors of a more subject-oriented and less student-oriented educational system. These changes are technological too in the sense that inputs for the changes stem from what can be deemed as technological advances in the understanding of the educational needs of England in general and of a better understanding of how the educational system needs to evolve moving forward, via a greater emphasis on standards for measuring learning outcomes (Kwon, 2002). B. Spending per Student, Changes in Enrollment and Faculty Numbers Through Time The plot below tells a story of the evolution of public education in the recent past, with the teacher to student ratio basically staying the same, but the ratio of teaching assistants plus other supporting staff to students having increased over time, a proxy measure of the positive increase in the amount of resources spent for public edu cation in England. The implication of the plot below is that environmental and political factors should have played into increasing the focus on public education in England through the observation period from 1997 all the way to 2010 (Chowdry and Sibieta, 2011): Graph Source: Chowdry and Sibieta, 2011, p. 8 In light of the above, moreover, the following plot detailing the sustained increase in per capita spending per student across different educational levels in England also make sense, and present a

Creating Corporate Advantage Essay Example for Free

Creating Corporate Advantage Essay Most executives focus on individual elements of their resources, business, and organization without integrating all the parts into a whole. First, it is important to understand what a good corporate strategy is. According to the authors, it is not a random collection of individual building blocks, rather a fully constructed system of interdependent parts. In order for the organization to thrive, executives must actively direct decisions about resources the corporation will develop, and the business in which it will compete. During this, the executives must make sure all elements are aligned with one another. By applying the triangle of corporate strategy, the strengths of all special assets, skills and capabilities will illustrate how each element quot;fits. quot; The Resource Continuum is another model that shows the basis for corporate advantage along a continuum. This model can be applied differently to different business, as one size does not fit all. Many companies choose to integrate other businesses based on products rather than resources, and end up with a quot;plain vanillaquot; infrastructure. By following this continuum it will constrain the set of businesses to compete in while limiting th There is no one best way to design a product, make a product, manage operations, or serve customers. The best way depends on a firms objectives, resources, competencies, and context (products and customers). Firms choose to compete in different ways. A firms strategy defines how it will compete in the marketplaceits own best way. Strategy formulation involves (1) defining the primary task, (2) assessing core competencies, (3) determining order winners and order qualifiers, and (4) positioning the firm. The secret to effective strategy? Excel on the order winners, meet the order qualifiers, capitalize on core competencies, and maintain focus. Corporate strategy drives functional strategy. Functional strategies must be consistent with and supportive of corporate strategy. Strategic decisions in the operations function involve products and services, processes and technology, capacity and facilities, human resources, quality, sourcing, and operating systems. Policy deployment is a planning system that helps align day-to-day operating decisions with the companys overall strategy.

Coca Colas Strategic Management Process

Coca Colas Strategic Management Process In 1886, John Pemberton was able to make replacement product of alcohol by adding CO2 with sugar and other components such as caffeine and cocaine named the mixture Coca-Cola. He may have been inspired by the formidable success of Vin Mariani, a European coca wine. At the beginning, they consider it as a medicine to relieve headaches and gain energy. They were believed that carbonated water is good for health so the first sales were at Jacobs Pharmacy in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1888 Coca Cola drinks were sold by three different companies. But John Pemberton died in 1888 without realizing the success of the beverage he had created. Atlanta businessman Asa Griggs Candler secured rights to the business for a total of $2,300. Candler would become the Companys first president, and the first to bring real vision to the business and the brand. (Atlanta Beginning, 2006-2011) Asa G. Candler was a salesman and he was the one who put a good marketing strategy for introducing the product to the people by distributing apothecaries with clocks, urns, calendars and apothecary scales bearing the Coca-Cola brand. So the people were able to see it everywhere and that will attract them to buy Coca-Cola drinks. In 1895, Candler had built the first Coca-Cola factories in Chicago, Dallas and Los Angeles. (Atlanta Beginning, 2006-2011) In 1900, the company started to sell their product outside the country to England then they sold it in Canada and Mexico. In 1916, the product arrived to France, Jamaica, Germany and Cuba. In addition to that, the first factory for Coca-Cola Bottling in the Middle East was in 1944 in Egypt. Furthermore, there were many factories opened in the mid-20th century such as Iraq and Saudi Arabia to produce Coca Cola drinks. (Coca-Cola Offical Website, 2012) Industry, Segment, and Type of Products Coca-Cola is a global leader in the beverage industry; nowadays Coca-Cola Company provides more than 500 brands including soft drinks, fruit juices, sport drinks and other beverages in over 200 countries or regions and serves over 1.7 billion servings each day. Coca-Cola drink consists of: Carbonated water Sugar Caffeine Phosphoric acid Caramel color Natural flavorings The original copy of the formula which considers a secret formula for the drink held in safety box in SunTrust bank in Atlanta. Coca-Cola drink contains material that only produced in the main Atlanta factories Georgia, United States. Then the company distributes it to other Coca-Cola factories around the world. (Coca-Cola Offical Website, 2012) The target market for the Coca-Cola is all age group especially male and female teenagers, it is sold all around so that everyone can buy it and drink it. Furthermore, we could find on their TV advertisement that they target families to choose Coca-Cola drink as favorite family drink. Locations of operated company The Coca-Cola Company headquarters are in Atlanta, Georgia, and the United States. In addition, Coca-Cola Company has rights to operate across Europe which means they have rights to operate in 24 European countries. They sell their products in 200 countries all over the world. In other words, Coca-Cola Company is served all over the world (locations, 2009). Company Mission Their Roadmap starts with their mission which is enduring; it declares their purpose as a company and serves as the standard against which we weigh our actions and decisions: To refresh the world To inspire moments of optimism and happiness To create value and make a difference. (coca cola, 2012) Macro-environment (PEST) Analysis PEST Analysis PEST analysis identifies the changes in the market that occur because of the economical, political, technological and social factors. Political analysis: The Non alcoholic beverages such as Coca Cola are under the Food and Drug Administration. In terms of the regulations, the government controls over manufacturing procedure of the products. There are some factors that affect the operations of Coca Cola such as the changes in the laws and regulations (taxation requirements), accounting standards and environmental laws. Moreover, changes in the non alcoholic business era like pricing policy and competitive product pressures and ability to maintain sales in worldwide market compare to its competitors. Political conditions in international markets like governmental changes, civil conflict and restrictions on the ability to relocate the capital across borders. Its ability to enter developing market depends on political and economic conditions and their ability to form strategic business alliances with local bottlers effectively and to improve their distribution networks, production amenities, sales technology and equipm ent. So in some countries coca cola has problem in business expansion due to government regulation. (political and technological analysis) Economic analysis: Economic analysis examines the world, national and local economy impact. The recession that was in 2001 has impacted the operations of many companies, however, due to the aggressive actions of the US economy it returned to grow positively in 2002. The rise in the rate of interest also depressing business and it causes lower spending levels and redundancies. Because of the global recession, Coca Cola can borrow the capital and invest in the other products easily due to lowered interest rate. In addition, it can borrow to advance its research for new technology and products. Researching of the new products is cost effective and the company can sell its products at lower price so that its customers would buy more Coca Cola products at lower price. (Sociological and Economic analysis) Sociological analysis: It analyzes the ways how the changes in society affect organization such as changing in attitudes and lifestyles of the market (Sociological and Economic analysis). Most of US citizen are practicing healthier lifestyles. This has affected non alcoholic beverages industry mostly. Customers are switched to diet colas like Coca Cola Zero or light and bottled water instead of beer and alcoholic beverages. Time management has also increase and it is 43% approximately of all households. The need of bottled water and other healthy products are important in the day to day life. Middle aged customers are more concerned with their nutrition. This will continuously affects non alcoholic beverages industry by increasing overall demand and in healthier beverages also. Technological analysis: Many factors influence the actual results of the company to vary from the expected results such as the efficiency of promotional programs, marketing and advertising of company. The new technology like internet and television use incomparable effects for advertising and this makes products more attractive. In the past, entrance of plastic bottles and cans have increase sale volume of company because plastic bottles are easier to carry and can dispose them once they has been used. The technology is advancing continuously by the entrance of new machineries. Due to this, the production volume of Coca Cola has increase sharply in last few years. In Britain, Coca Cola enterprises have six factories those who are using modern equipment to ensure the top product quality (political and technological analysis). Industry Five Forces Analysis Porters Model Michael Porter, belonging to the Harvard Business School, introduced a business plan for industry analysis in the year 1979 known as Portes Five Forces. It essentially measures the competitiveness of the market with the sole aim to help the enterprises augment profit and enlarge their markets. The five forces can be used to determine the nature of the competition in the industry. In industry i.e. Coca Cola and the conclusion from the same is used to determine the nature of competition in this particular industry. The Porters Five Forces include: Threat of new entrants and potential competitors: It has been observed that in the beverage industry the entry barriers are relatively low. One can see the frequent emergence of new brands in the market which are usually priced at a rate which is lower in price as compared to Coke products. However, it cannot be denied that now Coca Cola is not seen as a mere beverage but as a brand. Owing to this very reason it cannot be ruled out that it has loyal customers who are unlikely to try any other beverage brand and quit drinking Coke. It is also worth noting that Coca Cola has a very significant market share for a long time. Threat of Substitutes: It cannot be denied that there are a number of other sodas and energy drinks in the market apart from Coke. But the threat against Coke is low. Firstly, due to the brand loyalty. Secondly, due to the fact that Coca Cola has such a market reputation where it has been successfully differentiating its products remarkably. Bargaining power of buyers: The third which pertains to the bargaining power of the buyer can be rated as low. It has been seen that the individual has no pressure on Coca Cola. Fountain sales, sales through vending machines, supermarkets, large scale retail sales and the convenience stores attached to the gas stations serve as the main channels of distribution. Pepsi, the main competitor is also priced almost the same as Coke itself. It has been however observed that the vending machines, convenience stores and supermarkets given to the fact that they have not many alternatives, have low bargaining power. It should also be pointed out here that given to the fact that people now are realizing the adverse impacts of the carbonated drink on health, they tend to turn towards fruit juices instead of carbonated drinks. Bargaining power of the Suppliers: The fourth which pertains to the bargaining power with the suppliers can be again rated as low. Coca Cola is primarily concerned with the task of supplying either fructose or sucrose and undertakes the bottling work. However, in countries like US Coca Cola buys high fructose corn syrup as its ingredient. As a matter of fact any supplier would not be willing to lose a huge customer like Coca Cola. Business Rivalry or rivalry among the existing firms: The market is essentially shared by Pepsi and Coca Cola which are always striving for international presence. It is seen that both the brands commit heavily to sponsoring outdoor festivals. Given to the fact that Coca Cola has a longer history, it resorts more to the classical way of advertising in comparison to its rival Pepsi which basically tries to captivate the attention of the younger generation by using Pop Stars as brand ambassadors. (Wright, 1999) Lifecycle Stage Coca-Cola has been constantly developing despite of their unrevealed formula that has not changed over the years, which has also been a huge success in maintaining their brand as a number one position. Industries evolve structurally as well as in terms of overall size over time. However, profits do vary throughout the lifecycle. The competitive forces that shape the business keep changing throughout the lifecycle. Hence several stages in the lifecycle of an industry are as follows: Embryonic Stage: In this stage where the industry is in its nascent stage faces minimal competition as there are few competitors and no threat from the substitutes due to the fact that the industry is new. Growth Stage: In this phase, the number of competitors increases. However, the rivalry between the firms is kept in check given to the fact that demand outstrips capacity of growth. This phase is often associated with profitability. Shakeout Stage: In this phase, economies of scale are achieved and due to large-scale consolidation barriers to entry become very high. Maturity Stage: In this phase, the focus is not on the growth, however, some competition from the late entrants become apparent. The power of buyer increases while the power of suppliers declines because now the capacity either matches or exceeds demand. Decline: In this phase, one can see increase in the power of buyer in sharp contrast to that of the supplier as capacity exceeds the supply. Hence, it can be said that this phase does pose new challenges. It is in this stage that we can see an eventual decline in the rivalry of the firms as the weakest of the competitors tend to withdraw from the industry. (Niemann, Tichkiewitch, Westkà ¤mper, 2009) Current Lifecycle Stage Currently Coca-Cola is under the maturity stage due to the solidity and capability of keeping a large and loyal group of stable customers. This stage is lasting longer than all other stages when it comes to western countries like the United States and Europe; considering Asia however, it is still in the growth stage. ( Coca-Cola Case Study) During the maturity stage, products usually go through a slowdown in sales growth which can affect cost management, product differentiation and marketing in the industry. Therefore, management has to pay attention to products in order to keep the percentage of sales growing, not forgetting the market share is the source of profitability. Description: http://image.slidesharecdn.com/49045118-project-of-coca-cola-110406035123-phpapp01/95/slide-28-728.jpg?1302079914 A way to extend its lifecycle being away from declining is to keep developing the product and/or the brand to make it more accessible based on consumer needs, by following some helpful strategies: Have a constant change in designs of both cans and bottles, for example: colorful cans and labels for bottles with tags on for festive occasions to make them more attractive. Produce smaller sizes of bottles and cans with lower calorie and sugar for kids. When buying packs of coke, they would come with a nice case to carry them easily everywhere. Produce Coke drinks with additional flavors (e.g. cherry, strawberry, grapeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦etc.) to grow customers demand and interest as well as to attract new consumer groups. Replacing glass bottles to plastic liter bottles will help increasing consumption. (Noor, 2011) Internal Analysis SWOT Matrix This section attempts to perform a strategic analysis of the brand which is the number one beverage maker i.e. Coca Cola. This is done by making an internal analysis of the company in order to understand its internal capabilities. This involves the development of such strategies which make Coca Cola distinct from its competitors. To compete in the international market Coca Cola has developed such strategies which creates values for its customers as well as its consumers like that of optimism, rejuvenation, accomplishment and difference. It follows the following path trying to pursue its strategic policies: by growing core carbonated soft drink brands at global level by growing in other core non carbonated brands like sports and energy drinks developing wellness platforms by initially focusing on tea, soy and juice by nurturing system health i.e. market by market focus Coca Cola should try to take into account the needs of its customers and create a greater customer value by creating adjacent business (Coca-Cola Offical Website, 2012) SWOT Analysis Coca Cola is the leading manufacturer, distributor and marketer in the beverage industry. However, given to the fact that certain regulations have been imposed in schools have affected the sale of soft drinks which seem to have a consequent adverse effect on the sale and operating margins of the company in the near future. Strength Coca Cola has leading market presence which is built on strong portfolio. Coca Cola, Diet Coke, Fanta and Sprite are the worlds top four non- alcoholic beverage brands which are owned by Coca Cola. Minute Maid, Coca Cola Zero, Dasani, Powerade, Simply, Georgia Coffee, Del Valle and vitaminwater. It is the strong brand value of Coca Cola that enables it to be recalled by the customer and consolidate its position in the market. The companys brand success is attributed to the its strong bottling and customer partnership It has a strong global footprints on the emerging nations Good financial resources (Coca-Cola Offical Website, 2012) Weaknesses Involvement in product quality issues Low health products Its own products are competitor of each other Opportunities In todays scenario an increasing awareness can be seen among the consumers regarding food and drink choices and it is owing to this reason that once can see the increasingly growing demands of healthy beverages and drinks. By taking such needs of the consumer into consideration the company can win the confidence of the consumers. There is good opportunity in health drink segment. Company can make its products healthier. Threats The potential threat to the company sales is that in the face of regulations placed on their sale given to the health issues involved. The production costs and capacity can also be affected by the water scarcity and poor quality. Another threat is from government regulations of some countries. (Coca-Cola Offical Website, 2012) Strategy Assessment Current Strategy One of Coca-Cola company goals is to maximize growth and profitability to create value for their shareholders which will also create advocacy for the brand under the following strategies: Transforming our commercial models to focus on our customers value potential and using a value-based segmentation approach to capture the industrys value potential. Implementing multi-segmentation strategies in our major markets to target distinct market clusters divided by consumption occasion, competitive intensity and socioeconomic levels. Implementing well-planned product, packaging and pricing strategies through different distribution channels. Driving product innovation along our different product categories. Achieving the full operating potential of our commercial models and processes to drive operational efficiencies throughout our company. (Strategy and Competitive Advantages, 2011) Other effective strategies to achieve the business goals are: Deliver shared value Engage the market through storytelling and thought provoking ideas Be a leader in the cultural dialogue Create a network advantage (Creating Advocacy, 2012)

lord of the rings, fellowship of the ring :: essays research papers

Lord of the rings, Fellowship of the ring By: J.J.R Tolkin, print date: Oct, 1965 The story starts with the 33rd birthday-party for Frodo Baggans, and the 111th birthday party for Bilbo Baggans, Hobbits who live in a mythical land called the Shire. Frodo’s best friend is his gardner Sam. Frodo owns a magic Ring which makes him invisible when he wears it, a gift from his cousin Bilbo who stole it from Gollum years ago. One day the old wizard Gandalf comes to the Shire, and he tells Frodo of an evil named Sauron who wants to capture the Ring for himself. In ages long past Sauron stole the Ring from the Elves, to protect him from the Powers of Good; but the Ring was stolen from him by a creature named Gollum, and then stolen from Gollum by Bilbo, who finally gives it freely to Frodo. "Sauron has been searching for the Ring for years," Gandalf tells Frodo, "and now he has sent his nine Black Riders, to the Shire to look for it." Frodo and Sam consult with their loyal friends Merry and Pippin, and when the Black Riders appear, the hobbits trick them into going into a mushroom-patch, disorienting the Black Riders just long enough to escape the Shire. But the tone of the book rapidly becomes more serious as the Black Riders pursue the hobbits through the forest. The hobbits come to the village of Bree, and arrive at the home of Tom Bombadil. Frodo meets a man named Aragorn, or ‘Strider’, who convinces him to go to the city of Rivendell. "In Rivendell you will be safe from their magic," Aragorn tells him, "for Elrond is a sensible man, and does not believe in it." With that Aragorn leads them rapidly to Rivendell, with the Riders in hot pursuit. As they ford the last river between them and Rivendell there is a spell cast on the river-water, causing it to rise up and wash away the Black riders, and our heroes make it to the safety of Rivendell. At Rivendell, Elrond holds a Council where the fate of the Ring is discussed. The only way to keep Sauron from recovering the Ring, they decide, is to throw it into the volcano of Mount Doom where it will be destroyed. During the Council Gandalf arrives late, saying that he had been held prisoner in the tower of Orthanc, the Wizards' Tower.

Why the Play is Called The Crucible :: Essay on The Crucible

Why is the play called the Crucible? Webster and his book the dictionary defines a 'crucible' as, 'A container in which metals are heated, involving a change. A severe test or trial.'; Author Miller in his play, uses the title 'The Crucible' as an analogy for the situation. The actual container- the crucible, is the town of Salem Massachusetts. The contents of the container are the people of Salem, the emotions and feelings of these people are what change. The events that take place in the town are what fuel and heat the people's emotions and are what affects their actions. Miller also puns on the other meaning of 'a crucible' which is: 'a severe test or trial'; to tie in with the events that take pace in the play- the trials of the accused witches and the extent of the consequences (death by hanging.) The 'severe test or trial ' referred to above is an inquiry carried out to see whether people's souls are still with God. This shows the extremity and extent of the trials. It shows how important a part religion plays in the community. Seeing as people's life styles revolved around working and praying. If people were not working or farming their lands, they are praying. On holidays they pray, there are hardly any moments of recreation or 'fun.' The people of Salem are deeply religious and to drift on to the side of the devil is the most serious 'sin' or 'crime' imaginable in the community. Just as it was a sin drift on to the side of the devil in the time of the crucible, it was the same to drift on to the side of communism in the 1950's, when Arthur Miller wrote this play. In the 1950's Senator Joe Macarthy set up a campaign to rid the United States of all communist supporters. These communist trials would be broadcast on national television. It would involve the accused to admit their guilt even though they were completely innocent, and give the names of 10 other would-be communists or face exile, torture, invasion of family privacy etc. Arthur Miller uses the events of the Salem witch-hunts to represent and show what the communist trials of the 1950's were. They were both based on false premises and paranoia, and as more people got involved, more people suffered, this can be summarised by calling it the 'Snowball effect.

Factors that Negatively Effect Fetal Development Essay -- essays resea

Factors that Negatively Effect Fetal Development Pregnant women that smoke cigarettes on a daily basis can greatly harm their fetus. The Tobacco smoke in cigarettes greatly reduces fetal growth through the presence of nicotine, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, cadmium and various other aromatic hydrocarbons, but the two most dangerous chemicals that are found in cigarettes are nicotine and carbon monoxide. Nicotine causes the babies heart rate to speed up, reduces placental vascularisation, constricts the placental arteries, and thickens the endothelium of placental blood vessels. This creates a reduction in the placental blood flow, and further reductions in oxygen delivery. As well nicotine interferes with the ability of the placenta to feed the baby the nutrients it requires. Therefore the babies growth is slowed down. Carbon monoxide causes growing cells to be starved of oxygen, and effects the brain. This can lead to a low birth weight and higher chance of the baby dying at birth. Smoking is the single largest modifiable( ch angeable) risk factor in fetal growth retardation. Maternal smoking during pregnancy is also associated with genetic defects as well as an increased incidence of congenital malformations such as cleft palates, microcephalus, and clubfoot. Mothers who smoke one pack a day during pregnancy have an 85% increased risk of having a child with mental retardation. Mothers that smoke during their pregnancy have double the chance of having a child with behavural problems. Another one of the biggest factors that disrupts fetal growth and development is alcohol. This is a very common substance abuse of pregnant women. Everytime the pregnant mother is drinking, her fetus is also drinking. The alcohol crosses the placental barrier, and goes directly into the fetus's liver. The ethanol found in alcohol may impair the nutrient support of the fetus. Acetaldehyde, a major metabolite, crosses the placenta and is teratogenic. Since the alcohol stays in the fetus for a long time, the small liver is unable to metabolize the alcohol. The alcohol also travels through the blood stream going directly to the baby's brain, and this can damage the central nervous system. The common, severe, and hazardous side effect that happens to the fetus because of alcohol is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. This is a very serious side effect that has lasting and sometimes ... ...e the death of the fetus. Pregnant women should distant themselves from heavy metals. such as, lead and methyl mercury which can harm the fetus. All pregnant women should be aware and cautious about contacting a disease. Some of the diseases are fatal and very hazardous to the fetus, while some only have minor effects on the fetus. Many of the diseases contacted by pregnant mothers are sexually contacted diseases. Some examples of these diseases are Aids, and Gonorrhea. There are also other non-related diseases such as, Rubella, and Toxoplasmolisis and, which can affect the fetus.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Toxoplasmolisis is a bacterial infection. This is a parasitic disease that can effect the fetus, by causing growth retardation. Another harmful disease that can affect the fetus is Rubella or otherwise called German Measles. Pregnant woman that have Rubella during the first trimester can effect the fetus and cause a syndrome of birth defects called congenital rubella syndrome. This can cause deafness, cataracts, congenital heart disease, and mental retardation. In conclusion, pregnant women should try to avoid all substances that can be potentially harmful to the fetus within them.

Intention to create legal relation Essay

Just because there is an agreement between people, it does not signify that a contract exists. The creation of legal relations is a doctrine of the English contract law that is defined as an intention is to enter a legally binding agreement or contract. An agreement, which is defined as the meeting of minds with the acceptance and understanding of mutual legal rights and duties as to particular actions or accountability, is legally enforceable only if the contracting parties may be deemed by the court to have intended it. The intention to create legal relations is a vital principle of Contract Law. As A.W.B Simpson stated, this doctrine might date back to the landmark decision of Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company in 1893, but however, it wasn’t in a firm position until 1919, after the case of Balfour v Balfour. Whether or not the parties intended to be legally bound to the contract is the doctrine’s main concern. Acknowledgement of the presence of domestic and social agreements to which parties do not mean to be legally bound has culminated in an assumption that, proportionately, no contract is recognized. Commercial transactions, however, are treated with a presumption that legal relations were intended. It is stated that in terms of general rules of family or domestic relations, there is no assumption to be bound legally. However, there are exceptions in which the presumption is rebuttable. For instance, Balfour v Balfour [1919] shows that the intention to create legal intentions is crucial for family and domestic relations. Both parties must intend that an agreement be legally binding in order to be an enforceable contract. Matters involving the daily life of husband and wife are not subject to contractual interpretation, even when consideration exists. Spouses habitually intend that the conditions of their agreements can be different as situations develop. The court held that it was assumed that an agreement was made by the parties as husband and wife and did not intend that it could be sued upon. The court held that as a matter of public policy, it could not resolve disagreements between spouses. There is a strong presumption in commercial agreements that the parties intend to be bound, and, unless there is very contrary evidence, the presumption will not be rebutted. In the case of Esso  Petroleum Ltd v Customs and Excise Commissioners, Lord Simon of Glaisdale stated that the whole agreement took place in a setting of business relations, and that general unacceptance to allow a commercial promoter to claim what he has done is a mere puff, not intended to create legal relations. The convention of such events is generally to promote the body offering the prize. As a result, there is a presumed intention to create legal relationships which is then binding on the parties and can be relied on by members of the public who enter the competition The intention to create legal relations is essential in creating a valid contract as it ensures both parties are willing to be bound by the terms of their agreement. When two parties are determined to enter a contract, their mentality will discern the subject matter of the contracts. This happens because of the ‘intention’ that the two parties have to be permitted to agree. If there is no agreement by both the parties, it may cause the contract to be an invalid agreement. The contract would not be enforceable, legal and binding if intention to create legal relations is non-existent. If there is no intention to create a legal relation, the contract can be presumed as not legal. Because of that, the contract could possibly be unenforceable as there is no intention to create legal relations at the beginning which makes the contracting parties to be legally binding. Another reason to why creating legal relations is important is so that the parties are able to sue each other when a dispute arises. With no intention to create legal relations, it may cause the contracting parties to not be legally binding and these circumstances may cause the contract enforceable. When the contract is enforceable, the contracting parties are unable to take charges against each other and this will spoil their business crisis; and this will cause the contracting parties difficulty to enquire their justice. Without the intention to create legal relations, the contract â€Å"formed† may become just a mere promise. Promise is defined as a declaration, verbal or written, made by one person to another for a good or valuable consideration  in the nature of a covenant by which the promisor binds himself to do some act, and gives to the promisee a legal right to demand and enforce a fulfilment. Promises arise when there is no intention to create legal relations.

Through the Tunnel

Through The Tunnel In this story, Through The Tunnel, there are three settings that all symbolize something different. The safe beach symbolized him still being a child. On the safe beach, his mother was there to protect and be there for him. The wild beach was where Jerry wanted to go. It was taking a step out into the world to him. He wanted to be free and become a man. The journey through the tunnel symbolized Jerry going from a child to an adult.He challenged himself to go through the tunnel so he would feel accomplished and finally be a man, something his mother would never understand. Other than the settings, there are many different symbols in the story that help readers figure out the meaning of the whole story. One symbol from this story would be darkness. When Lessing writes, â€Å"He struggled on in the darkness,† the darkness symbolizes Jerry's lack of knowledge or the fear of the unknown.He doesn't actually know how far the tunnel will go or if it will become narr ow. Another symbol from this story would be light. While Jerry was swimming through the tunnel he saw light coming in through a crack. That symbolizes that he is really close to becoming a man. The big meaning of Jerry making it through the tunnel is the journey from boyhood to manhood. When Jerry first discovers the tunnel he can swim through it like the other boys, therefore, becoming a man. Jerry practices holding his breath over and over.Even though holding his breath for a long time caused him physical pain, Jerry still tells himself that he will overcome it and accomplish his goal. During the time it took him to go through the tunnel, Lessing writes that Jerry is panicking because he thinks he might not make it out of the tunnel. This shows that Jerry was somewhat scared to become a man. When Jerry finally comes out of the tunnel on the other side, he feels like he has become independent and mature. He finally has become the man that he wanted to be. The tunnel is a powerful s ymbol because it shows rebirth.

Irobot – Technology Taking over Humanity

Robot – Technology Taking over Humanity â€Å"Technology Is taking over humanity. This phrase Is being proven more and more as technology develops and the years go by. It is more deeply shown through the movie, Robot. The main message of this movie is to show how our society can change to be completely dependent on technology if we keep on improving it in many different ways such as robotic body parts, robotic systems and robots to do everyday work for humans. The advances In technology are amazing to some extent and are completely changing owe we humans live and really, are saving lives.Many years ago, you didn't hear many people getting metal hip replacements, or any other body part replaced by some man made machine or object. It's becoming a common thing to have to give up on the body and rely on machine. As this progresses, eventually humans will continue to be able to replace body parts and essentially, extend the lifetime of a human being and could be considered robots. Humans currently rely on deferent robotic parts to fix up parts of their bodies which are not working to the right potential.To fix the different senses such as hearing, doctors surgically implant an electric device that provides a sense of sound to a person which is profoundly deaf. A visual prosthesis is a visual device intended to restore functional vision in those suffering from partial or total blindness. Robotics are used to transplant living cells, tissues or organs from human to human or human to animal or vice versa. Many concerns may come with this such as the transferring different diseases or possibly the failure of transplanting. Diseases are ore common In semitransparent.Semitransparent Is the transplanting of body parts from animal to human or vice verses. Alternations is less risky as it is the transplanting of body parts to and from the same species. Organ farming or harvesting refers to the removal, preservation and use of human organs or tissues from the recently deceased to the living. This way of saving people's lives has become very common especially in the past few years. Even though all these replacements of body parts and systems are available to all people, the prices are ere costly therefore it is out of reach for many people who do not have the money for It.It may be saving people's lives but not for all. If we think about it, the only part of our bodies that would be very hard to imitate and create as a machine would be the brain. It is also the last piece of our bodies separating humans from being completely a robot. As technology progresses, it will be possible to create something that Is close to the way a brain operates. All this Is present In the movie of Robot. We can clearly see that robots have taken 1 OFF ever the humans lives in the movie and that we soon eventually will become like that without help.The relationship between our life and the Robot life is shown through the way robots have been made adapted to our every n eed. With the robots existing we are able to take their functions and make them our own, to help us when we are in need. Piece by piece, soon the human body completely will become machine functioned. The advantages to having these robotic replacements are that humans will have a longer life expectancy. This is also a downside as it is playing with the way life is opposed to be.Another advantage is that it would save lives. There are so many people out there waiting for transplants but if technology eventually got to a point where body parts and vital organs were being made we would be blessed with a longer life. The downsides of robotic replacements are that computers are easily hacked. If humans become partially robotic or even fully robotic we may be hacked, taking over our bodies and mind, controlling every move. Also, humans weren't made to improve upon the bodies that we were given.Overall technology has helped humans so far by saving lives with robotic replacement or transplan ting of cells, tissues or organs. Where it goes from here may change the world drastically. This is why the phrase â€Å"Technology is taking over humanity' is becoming real. Soon we will become a robotic world where all we do is through robotics whether it is to help us repair or improve our bodies or help us in day to day activities, where we all are partially if not fully robotic and where we have completely lost our humanity through machine and technology development.

BIS tut

Cost reduction Now opportunities to the It organization . It increases the brand value of the company 3 How did Softener benefit from introducing its green IT data centre? Answer Low entry cost to customer high efficiency Less operation cost Reduced the complexity due to single sources for all the hardware 4 What are the mall drivers that motivate organizations to adopt Green IT? What was the driver for it is echo friendly echo friendly . Cost reduction enhance the brand value of the company because people are after the renewable products .Government regulations such as carbon tax . 5 What was the approach used by Softener to adopt Green IT? Answer A multi-tiered ,multi -tenant storage platform . A secure , scalable and customer partitioned network layers , capable of incorporating high touch embedded services . Improved power usage effectiveness Hough low – power draw equipment and sophisticated rack cooling systems to circulate water The ability to remotely specify hardware requirements and provide access to their custom – designed solution within minutes Further Reading Read â€Å"Business Basics. UDF†, under â€Å"Additional Resources† label on Model, to provide you with a basic understanding of business. References: Balkan, Philips, Lynch & Blakely (2013), Business Driven Information Systems (Australian/New Zealand 2nd edition).

Communication with My Father Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Communication with My Father - Essay Example My communication with my father is also characterized by kindness. I have a feeling that my father favors me over my siblings. Thus, he is often kind and gentle to me than to my brothers and sisters. I feel this is unfair and should be changed so that my siblings will enjoy the same privileges I enjoy. Nevertheless, I am grateful to my father for showing me kindness each day. He has been very supportive of me since I was a child. We spend time doing a lot of things and telling stories. We enjoy each other’s company and often while away time with stories to tell. He is like a best friend to me whom I can count on in times of disappointments. However, unlike a friend who expects something in return, he does not pressure me to comply with his expectations. This is so because I know what he wants for me and I usually do what I think would please him. I do not ever want to disappoint him because he is my role model. If I fail to be good, I know that he will be disappointed. Thus, t o avoid disappointing him, I study hard and limit the time I spend with my friends. In return, he is very kind to me and supports me in every endeavor. Love is also an important factor in our communication. The love of my father serves as my fountain of gladness. It gives me the motivation to strive hard and succeed in my dream, express hope and compassion towards others, and deal with other people with respect. I can feel the love of my father as he communicates with me. He is always to my benefit.

Wind Shield Survey Community Assessment of a community in Queens , NY Term Paper

Wind Shield Survey Community Assessment of a community in Queens , NY - Term Paper Example The Wind Shield survey is a health client community that conducts surveys on continuing and comprehensive practices that are preventive, curative and rehabilitative. It also assesses the method in which a series of questions are used to collect data for analysis of specific group or area. The philosophy of care is based on the belief that health cares are directed to individual, family and the communities contribute to the health care of a population as a whole . Community parameters and history of community client The involvement of consumers of health care is encouraged in the development of community activities that contribute to the promotion of education and maintenance of good health. In order to achieve these activities, a comprehensive health programs are required that pay a special attention to social and ecological influences and specific population that is at a risk. As a community client, nurses should focus on environmental features such as physical, cultural, psychosoci al and political features that ensure good health of the population. As a matter of fact, Zuckerman (1998) adds that community client is not restricted to provision of health care to a particular age or diagnostic group but the health nurse is practicing their profession to all people without any biases. A healthy community is one that makes wise use of its resources and is prepared to meet the dangers and threats that may arise as a result of factors encountered when dealing with health problems. This has been the mandate and the aim of the community client over a quite a long time to ensure a mutual relationship between the community and the location . Community client and Windshield Survey assessment According to the ideas presented by Joint Commission Resources, Inc. (2008), they put it that in assessing the performance of Wind Shield survey in New York, a close examination of the original survey data on beneficiary is needed. According to our expectations, the general satisfact ion with the WindShield survey intervention should be high. However, the evidence was found that the endeavor of the WindShield survey to redress the balance between the rich and the poor communities was fairly satisfactory . There was a neglect of the isolated communities possibly due to cost reasons and that the accessibility of the WindShield Survey to beneficiary communities is lower in poor communities. As asserted by Shi and Singh, (2010), these factors significantly reduced the client community satisfaction with Windshield survey. The levels of Windshield survey induced community participation in decision making which also varied with some evidence that participation has an effect on community satisfaction Joint Commission Resources, Inc. (2008).Among the dissatisfaction that the members of the Windshield survey were accused of were self-serving, unresponsive and less than good in whatever they were doing. Assessment of Windshield Survey workers was also done. This was obtain ed through evaluation of the physicians and other professionals caring for the client . With the principles of continuity of care in mind, the nurses’ assessment on condition of care and treatment was done. Also all individuals receiving Medicare were also assessed using the OASIS guidelines. OASIS is an assessment tool developed to measure the outcomes of persons receiving the home health care. After this, assessment of the family was carried out as asserted by Shi

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 14

International Business - Essay Example Corruption refers to abuse of power or position by government officials in order to attain illegitimate personal gain. Corruption is a complex political, social and economic phenomenon that affects all nations since it undermines democratic institutions and slows down economic development since investors shy away from investing in countries that are deemed to be corrupt. Corruption occurs in the forms of bribery, nepotism, extortion, patronage, embezzlement and influence peddling. Corruption is closely linked to organized crimes such as drug trafficking, terrorism and money laundering. Corruption is perceived to be widespread in some nations than others due to the historical, cultural and differing levels of economic development. Countries with more developed economies and histories of British rule are perceived to be less corrupt due to traditions and values of democracy and good governance inherited from Britain rule. The definition and legislation on corruption differs across nations since there are different sanctions and penalties for engaging in corruption. Some countries define corruption as the bribery of public officials while others define corruption as the soliciting and acceptance of gifts. In other nations, corruption is broadly defined as the abuse of public office for personal gain while others define corruption as the possession of unexplained wealthy. In many nations, the civil and criminal law provide for provisions that determine corruption related offenses and enforcement measures such as penalties and jail terms for engaging in corrupt activities. In other countries such as emerging markets, there are anti-corruption agencies that are responsible for investigation of corruption-related offenses and making recommendations for prosecution of the offenders. Active and passive corrupt practices are criminal in countries like Singapore, China and Hong Kong and bribery of public officials in

Football Is the Most Impacted Sports Genre by Television Assignment

Football Is the Most Impacted Sports Genre by Television - Assignment Example In this discussion topic, the difference between the most viewed sports and the most played sports in the world must be defined. This paper will focus on the most viewed sports on television and how the television has impacted this type of sport. Soccer is the most viewed sport currently in the world. For example, the FIFA World Cup held every four years has a huge TV audience. Television and the online audience grows substantially for football than other sports. Cricket stands second in the list with close to a billion Indian fans. Field hockey follows third, being spread in the English world (Rader, 2008). Sport on television develops TV genres and genres of the sport that encode codes and conventions. The audience and organizations relate in a special way during sports representations. Football stands tall in linking organizations through regulation control, channels, schedules, and marketing promotion. Football audience incorporates all sexes with its narratives focusing on race, heroes, and sponsors.   According to Radar (2008), another striking issue is the â€Å"aesthetic† pleasure from the â€Å"televisual image of football† sport. The energy in the cinematic pleasure makes the sporting event on television a rewarding experience. Slow motion is one of the most obvious aesthetic pleasure that football thrills its fans with. Slow motion footage employed at thrilling points with super-slow motion in particular montages satisfies the audience best. Through the slow motion, the immanent anatomical majesty of the football players brings the attention of the unseen details making the football celebrities bodies alien and strange (Rader, 2008).     In conclusion, among other sports, football has been profoundly impacted by television and remains to enjoy a large viewing by the audience worldwide.